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5 eye diseases are common

5 eye diseases are common
Eye diseases are increasingly common in modern life. In the age of technology, eyes are often exposed to electronic media or environmental pollution, causing eye diseases to increase.
The eyes are the most sensitive part of the human body, so without proper care, the eyes will easily get some diseases.
1. Eye allergies
Allergies are the most common eye disease. The causes of the disease are many, including direct sunlight (for sensitive eyes), air toxins, dust, perfume and even certain foods! When allergic, the eyes will become red and itchy.
2. Refractive error
According to research by Saigon Eye Hospital, refractive error is the most common cause of vision problems. Our eyes can see objects due to refraction in the eye, which occurs when light passes through the cornea and reaches the retina. Refractive errors occur due to the length of the eyeball, changes in the shape of the cornea or natural aging of the eye.
Nearsightedness, farsightedness, color blindness (test at the color blind test), and astigmatism are symptoms of refractive errors. Refractive errors are most common in people over 40 years old.
3. Macular degeneration
Age-related macular degeneration (ARMD or AMD) often occurs in men and women over the age of 50. AMD is a phenomenon in which the retina is damaged, leading to partial loss of vision, which can be severe. causes blindness. Macular degeneration has no symptoms.
Therefore, it is difficult to detect the disease. The disease is often only detected when it has progressed seriously. Therefore, to avoid the risk of vision loss due to macular degeneration, you should regularly visit the nearest eye hospital for an examination.
4. Cataracts
Cataract, also known as dry cataracts, is a phenomenon in which the lens in the eye becomes opaque, affecting vision. Cataracts often form in both eyes, but they never occur in both eyes at the same time. The main cause of cataracts is aging, and the disease can be easily removed by cataract surgery.
5. Glaucoma
In glaucoma, the optic nerve is damaged, thus affecting the eye's ability to see. Glaucoma is very common and is one of the main causes of permanent blindness. The main cause of glaucoma is an increase in the pressure of the fluid in the eye. Glaucoma can occur suddenly with few warning symptoms. Therefore, regularly have regular eye exams to avoid glaucoma.

Latest color blindness test chart model in 2024

Color blindness is a genetic disease caused by mutations related to the pair of sex chromosomes (in women it is XX and in men it is XY). People with color blindness are caused by a mutation or lack of a gene on the X chromosome, causing a disorder of the light receptor cells in the eye needed to distinguish colors.

People with color blindness have a reduced ability to perceive colors. The risk of color blindness is higher in men than in women. There are many factors that cause color blindness:

- Congenital: The patient loses the ability to see blue or yellow.

- Due to side effects of drugs: Some drugs have the ability to affect cardiovascular drugs, blood pressure, infections, neurological disorders...

- Due to complications from some chronic diseases: diabetes, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's...

- Due to age and aging: vision and the ability to distinguish colors also gradually decrease as age increases, causing color blindness in the elderly.

The most common way to test for color blindness is:

- Ishihara Color Blindness Test: This color blindness test is for people who cannot distinguish red and green pigments. Your doctor will ask you to look at a series of circles with dots of different colors and sizes. Some dots form shapes or numbers with one to two digits. If you belong to the red-green color blind group, you will have a hard time recognizing those shapes, or even not seeing them.

- HRR color blindness test: This test is similar to Ishihara but helps screen for blue-yellow vision problems.

- Cambridge color blindness test: Similar to the Ishihara color blindness test, except it takes place on a computer.

- Color blindness test with dyschromia testing glasses: Doctors use this test to test for color blindness and determine whether there is a problem with your seeing red and green.

- Farnsworth–Munsell 100 color blind test kit: This kit uses blocks or dowels of different shades of the same color. Your task is to arrange this color blindness test table in a certain order. This test checks whether you can get nuanced changes in color.

Latest color blindness test chart model in 2024? Still using popular test tables. Below are some common color blindness test samples:

(1) Ishihara color blindness test

(2) Cambridge color blindness test

(3) Farnsworth-Munsell color blindness test

What types of color blindness are there?

Red-green color blindness

It occurs when red or green cone cells do not function properly, or are completely absent. Have some kind:

Mild green blindness: This is the most common form of color blindness and affects 5% of men, but is rare in women. It occurs when green cone cells do not function as they should. Yellow and green look redder, and it can be difficult to distinguish blue from purple.

Mild red color blindness: It happens when your red cone cells don't work like they should. Orange, red, and yellow look greener, and the colors are less bright. It is usually mild and does not cause problems in daily life. This form of color blindness is very rare in women and affects about 1% of men.

Red color blindness: You don't have working red cone cells. Simple red looks dark gray. Some shades of orange, yellow and green look yellow. It is very rare in women and affects about 1% of men.

Green blindness: occurs when you don't have working green cone cells. Red can be yellow-brown and green can be beige (pale yellow-gray). It affects 1% of men and is rare in women

Blue-yellow color blindness

This type of color blind test ness affects men and women equally. This condition occurs in less than 1 in 10,000 people worldwide.

It happens when your blue cone cells are missing or don't work correctly. This is the second most common type, and it affects men and women equally.

Mild blue-yellow color blindness: occurs when your blue cone cells function in a limited way. Blue looks greener and it's harder to see pink from yellow and red. It is extremely rare.

Blue-yellow color blindness: it occurs when you don't have blue cone cells. Blue looks green, and yellow looks light gray or purple. It is extremely rare

Completely color blind

  You don't see any color at all and your vision may not be clear.

There are two types:

Complete cone color blindness: It occurs when 2 of your 3 cone cells: red, green or blue, don't work. When only one type of cone is active, it is difficult to distinguish one color from another. And if one of your defective cones is blue, your vision may not be sharp. You may be nearsighted and may experience uncontrolled eye movements. This is a condition called nystagmus.

Complete rod color blindness: It is the most severe form of color blindness. None of your cone cells have active light-sensitive pigments. As a result, the world appears to you in black, white, and gray. Bright light can hurt your eyes. You may experience uncontrolled eye movements (nystagmus).

The treatment for color blindness

Color blindness that is inherited cannot be healed, but patients who develop the condition as a side effect of medication or as an additional symptom of another illness can be helped. The condition known as color blindness can be cured if the underlying sickness that causes it is treated.

In addition to treatments, scientists have developed color filters that can assist individuals who are colorblind in their ability to differentiate between different hues. Even though these glasses couldn't cure the disease entirely, they can assist patients better discern colors and minimize glare, both of which make it simpler to do so.

It is also possible to identify colors by donning colored contact lenses; however, these colors are not natural and can cause the apparent image to be distorted.

  In addition, persons who are colorblind can overcome their condition by learning to memorize the traditional placements of colors, such as those found on traffic signals. This can be of some assistance to colorblind people when they are navigating traffic on the road.

There is currently no treatment available for inherited color blind test; however, the condition can be identified through prenatal testing.

Before going to a medical facility, you can determine whether or not you have color blindness by using this test: color blind test.

Avoid causing:

Treatment for medical conditions such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and glaucoma, which have been linked to an increased risk of developing color blindness...

Check your health and your chromosomes before you get married to check whether anyone in your family already has the condition. This will help you determine how to protect your future children from inheriting it.

Eye protection is necessary if one is in the presence of chemicals.

Try to avoid getting head or eye injuries because they can easily cause harm to your vision.

Do not take any medication unless your physician has prescribed it for you.

If you are having exceptional difficulties with your vision, you should see a doctor.

What is color blindness? Why get sick?

The analysis of color is mainly due to the cone cells concentrated in the central fossa of the retina. When these cells lose the ability to distinguish colors, it causes color blindness.
A pair of sex chromosomes (XX in females and XY in males) are involved in the mutations that cause color blindness, an inherited disease. People with color blindness have a mutation or lack of a gene on the X chromosome, which causes a disorder of the light-sensitive cells in the eye that are needed to distinguish colors.
People with color blindness have a reduced ability to perceive colors. The risk of color blindness in men is higher than in women. There are many factors that cause color blindness, including:
Congenital: The patient loses the ability to see blue or yellow.
Due to side effects of drugs: Some drugs have the ability to affect such things as cardiovascular drugs, blood pressure, infections, neurological disorders, etc.
Due to complications when suffering from some chronic diseases: diabetes, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's,
Due to aging,  eyesight and the ability to distinguish colors also decrease with increasing age, causing color blindness in the elderly.
Manifestations of color blindness
People with color blindness often do not know they have it because they can still distinguish other colors but cannot distinguish certain colors.
Mild degree, it is often difficult to distinguish colors such as green from red and blue from yellow.
The severity does not distinguish the colors from each other.

You can check your status with the color blind test tool. Online application, free, high accuracy.

Causes of color blindness

Difficulty distinguishing between different colors is a manifestation of color blindness, also known as a chromosomal disorder. Patients can see objects clearly but cannot distinguish colors, especially blue from red or blue from yellow.
Color blindness is a genetic disease caused by changes in a pair of chromosomes (XX in females and XY in males) that are passed down from parent to child.People with color blindness are caused by a mutation or lack of a gene on the X chromosome, which causes a disorder in the light-sensitive cells in the eye that are needed to distinguish colors (usually, this gene is recessive). Male fetuses who inherit this gene from their mothers will have difficulty distinguishing colors because the Y chromosome is the only chromosome that will not have a dominant color gene to overwhelm the color blindness gene.

We can do a quick check at the color blind test tool. It's pretty accurate and simple
Causes of color blindness
According to specialists, color blindness occurs when the patient has problems with the pigments in the eye, which is also the leading cause of color blindness. Structurally, on the retina, there are cells that respond to light called rods and cones. In particular, cones contain colored pigments that reflect different wavelengths of light, so if the cones contain all the correct pigments, vision will be good; however, only one pigment is needed. If the error is wrong, the patient will not see some colors.
In addition, some other possible causes of color blindness are:
Due to the patient suffering from a number of eye diseases such as macular degeneration, retinopathy, cataracts, etc.,
Side effects of certain medications, such as those used to treat high blood pressure, heart disease, or medications for neurological disorders
Exposure to certain harsh chemicals can cause a loss of color vision.
Causes of color blindness
a genetic mutation that leads to color blindness.
Due to genetic mutations.
due to heredity.
Eye injury.
Color blindness is due to age.

Test more: color blind test for kids